Element 6D

This Element will provide core knowledge about the world of microbes that challenge the human immune system, how our immune system is designed to meet this challenge, mechanisms of infectious diseases caused by bacteria, viruses, fungi, and helminths - their clinical features, laboratory diagnosis and principles and methods of sterilisation and disinfection. This knowledge is fundamental to understanding the clinical features, clinical diagnosis, prevention and management of infectious diseases. The last quarter of the Element is devoted to providing core knowledge about the basic causes, mechanisms and types of cell injury and the mechanisms, types and outcome of inflammatory processes. This knowledge gained in element 6 is fundamental to understanding the clinical features, clinical diagnosis, prevention and management of infectious diseases.

Element 7 Neoplasia 

This element discusses the nomenclature of tumoUrs, the measure of the impact of cancer on human population and basic morphological and biologic properties of tumours both benign and malignant . Building on this foundation the understanding of the molecular basis of carcinogenesis emphasizing the critical role that genetic alterations play in the development of neoplasia, interactions of tumours with the host and the host response to tumours along with sections giving an overview of the clinical presentation of malignancy and cancer diagnosis focusing on both the current methods and newer technologies. This knowledge gained in element 7 is fundamental to understanding the clinical features, clinical diagnosis, prevention of clinical oncology.